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Buku Latihan TOEFL ini sangat cocok untuk pemula dan ingin segera lolos dan mendapatkan nilai TOEFL yang tinggi. Buku ini menjelaskan dengan lengkap cara mengerjakan soal TOEFL grammar atau strucure dengan sangat teliti. Dengan Latihan meningkatkan nilai toefl menggunakan buku longman ini anda dapat meningkatkan nilai TOEFL anda dengan cara yang benar dan tepat.
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Daftar isi Buku Latihan TOEFL PBT Longman:
SECTION ONE: LISTENING
LISTENING DIAGNOSTIC PRE TEST (Paper) 3
LISTENING DIAGNOSTIC PRE TEST (Computer) 10
LISTENING INTRODUCTION 22
SHORT DIALOGUES (Paper and Computer) 25
Strategies
SKILL 1: Focus on the last line 29
SKILL 2: Choose answers with synonyms 31
SKILL 3: Avoid similar sounds 33
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 1-3) 35
Who, What, Where
SKILL 4: Draw conclusions about who, what, where 36
SKILL 5: Listen for who and what in passives 39
SKILL 6: Listen for who and what with multiple nouns 41
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 4-6) 43
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-6) 44
Negatives
SKILL 7: Listen for negative expressions 45
SKILL 8: Listen for double negative expressions 47
SKILL 9: Listen for "almost negative" expressions 49
SKILL 10: Listen for negatives with comparatives 51
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 7-10) 53
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-10) 54
Functions
SKILL 11: Listen for expressions of agreement 55
SKILL 12: Listen for expressions of uncertainty
and suggestion 57
SKILL 13: Listen for emphatic expressions of surprise 60
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 11-13) 62
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-13) 63
Contrary Meanings
SKILL 14: Listen for wishes 63
SKILL 15: Listen for untrue conditions 66
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 14-15) 68
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-15) 69
Idiomatic Language
SKILL 16: Listen for two- and three-part verbs 70-
SKILL 1 7: Listen for idioms 72
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 16-17) 74
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-17) 74
CONTENTS
LONG CONVERSATIONS (Paper) 76
Before Listening
SKILL 18: Anticipate the topics 78
SKILL 19: Anticipate the questions 80
While Listening
SKILL 20: Determine the topic 82
SKILL 21: Draw conclusions about who, what, when, where 83
SKILL 22: Listen for answers in order 84
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 18-22) 86
LONG TALKS (Paper) 87
Before Listening
SKILL 23: Anticipate the topics 89
SKILL 24: Anticipate the questions 91
While Listening
SKILL 25: Determine the topic 93
SKILL 26: Draw conclusions about who, what, when, where 94
SKILL 27: Listen for answers in order 95
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 23-27) 97
CASUAL CONVERSATIONS (Computer) 98
SKILL 28: Understand casual conversations 100
ACADEMIC DISCUSSIONS (Computer) 103
SKILL 29: Recognize the organization 110
SKILL 30: Listen for direct and indirect details 118
SKILL 31: Visualize the passage 122
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 29-31) 128
ACADEMIC LECTURES (Computer) 134
SKILL 32: Recognize the organization 140
SKILL 33: Listen for direct and indirect details 148
SKILL 34: Visualize the passage 153
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 32-34) 159
LISTENING POST-TEST (Paper) 165
LISTENING POST-TEST (Computer) 171
SECTION TWO: STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE DIAGNOSTIC PRE TEST (Paper) 185
STRUCTURE DIAGNOSTIC PRE TEST (Computer) 192
STRUCTURE INTRODUCTION 195
THE STRUCTURE QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 198
Sentences with One Clause
SKILL 1: Be sure the sentence has a subject and a verb 200
SKILL 2: Be careful of objects of prepositions 201
SKILL 3: Be careful of appositives 203
CONTENTS v
SKILL 4: Be careful of present participles 205
SKILL 5: Be careful of past participles 206
EXERCISE (Skills 1-5) 208
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 1-5) 208
Sentences with Multiple Clauses
SKILL 6: Use coordinate connectors correctly 209
SKILL 7: Use adverb time and cause connectors correctly 211
SKILL 8: Use other adverb connectors correctly 213
EXERCISE (Skills 6-8) 215
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 6-8) 215
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-8) 216
More Sentences with Multiple Clauses
SKILL 9: Use noun clause connectors correctly 217
SKILL 10: Use noun clause connector/subjects correctly 219
SKILL 11: Use adjective clause connectors correctly 221
SKILL 12: Use adjective clause connector/subjects correctly 222
EXERCISE (Skills 9-12) 224
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 9-12) 225
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-12) 226
Sentences with Reduced Clauses
SKILL 13: Use reduced adjective clauses correctly 227
SKILL 14: Use reduced adverb clauses correctly 230
EXERCISE (Skills 13-14) 232
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 13-14) 232
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-14) 233
Sentences with Inverted Subjects and Verbs
SKILL 15: Invert the subject and verb with question words 235
SKILL 16: Invert the subject and verb with place expressions 236
SKILL 17: Invert the subject and verb with negatives 238
SKILL 18: Invert the subject and verb with conditionals 240
SKILL 19: Invert the subject and verb with comparisons 242
EXERCISE (Skills 15-19) 244
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 15-19) 244
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-19) 245
THE WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS
(Paper and Computer) 247
Problems with Subject/ Verb Agreement
SKILL 20: Make verbs agree after prepositional phrases 248
SKILL 21: Make verbs agree after expressions of quantity 249
SKILL 22: Make inverted verbs agree 250
SKILL 23: Make verbs agree after certain words 252
EXERCISE (Skills 20-23) 253
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 20-23) 253 .
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-23) 254
Problems with Parallel Structure
SKILL 24: Use parallel structure with coordinate conjunctions 256
SKILL 25: Use parallel structure with paired conjunctions 257
SKILL 26: Use parallel structure with comparisons 259
CONTENTS
EXERCISE (Skills 24-26) 260
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 24-26) 260
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-26) 261
Problems with Comparatives and Superlatives
SKILL 27: Form comparatives and superlatives correctly 262
SKILL 28: Use comparatives and superlatives correctly 264
SKILL 29: Use the irregular -er, -er structure correctly 265
EXERCISE (Skills 27-29) 266
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 27-29) 266
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-29) 267
Problems with the Form of the Verb
SKILL 30: After have, use the past participle 269
SKILL 31: After be, use the present participle or the
past participle 270
SKILL 32: After will, would, or other modals, use
the base form of the verb 270
EXERCISE (Skills 30-32) 271
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 30-32) 272
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-32) 272
Problems with the Use of the Verb
SKILL 33: Know when to use the past with the present 274
SKILL 34: Use have and had correctly 275
SKILL 35: Use the correct tense with time expressions 276
SKILL 36: Use the correct tense with will and would 278
EXERCISE (Skills 33-36) 279
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 33-36) 279
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-36) 280
Problems with Passive Verbs
SKILL 37: Use the correct form of the passive 282
SKILL 38: Recognize active and passive meanings 283
EXERCISE (Skills 37-38) 285
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 37-38) 285
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-38) 286
Problems with Nouns
SKILL 39: Use the correct singular or plural noun 287
SKILL 40: Distinguish countable and uncountable nouns 288
SKILL 41: Recognize irregular plurals of nouns 290
SKILL 42: Distinguish the person from the thing 291
EXERCISE (Skills 39-42) 292
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 39-42) 292
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-42) 293
Problems with Pronouns
SKILL 43: Distinguish subject and object pronouns 294
SKILL 44: Distinguish possessive adjectives and pronouns 296
SKILL 45: Check pronoun reference for agreement 297
EXERCISE (Skills 43-45) 298
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 43-45) 299
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-45) 299
CONTENTS
vii
Problems with Adjectives and Adverbs
SKILL 46: Use basic adjectives and adverbs correctly 301
SKILL 47: Use adjectives after linking verbs 302
SKILL 48: Position adjectives and adverbs correctly 304
EXERCISE (Skills 46-48) 305
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 46-48) 306
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-48) 307
More Problems with Adjectives
SKILL 49: Recognize -ly adjectives 308
SKILL 50: Use predicate adjectives correctly 309
SKILL 51: Use -edand -ing adjectives correctly 310
EXERCISE (Skills 49-51) 31 1
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 49-51) 312
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-51) 313
Problems with Articles
SKILL 52: Use articles with singular nouns 314
SKILL 53: Distinguish a and an 315
SKILL 54: Make articles agree with nouns 316
SKILL 55: Distinguish specific and general ideas 317
EXERCISE (Skills 52-55) 318
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 52-55) 319
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-55) 319
Problems with Prepositions
SKILL 56: Recognize incorrect prepositions 321
SKILL 57: Recognize when prepositions have been omitted 322
EXERCISE (Skills 56-57) 323
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 56-57) 323
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-57) 324
Problems with Usage
SKILL 58: Distinguish make and do 325
SKILL 59: Distinguish like, alike, and unlike 326
SKILL 60: Distinguish other, another, and others 327
EXERCISE (Skills 58-60) 328
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 58-60) 329
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-60) 330
STRUCTURE POST-TEST (Paper) 331
STRUCTURE POST-TEST (Computer) 338
SECTION THREE: READING
READING DIAGNOSTIC PRE TEST (Paper) 343
READING DIAGNOSTIC PRE TEST (Computer) 350
READING INTRODUCTION 359
THE READING COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
(Paper and Computer) 368
viii
CONTENTS
Questions about the Ideas of the Passage
SKILL 1: Answer main idea questions correctly 368
SKILL 2: Recognize the organization of ideas 373
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 1-2) 377
Directly Answered Questions
SKILL 3: Answer stated detail questions correctly 379
SKILL 4: Find "unstated" details 385
SKILL 5: Find pronoun referents 388
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 3-5) 392
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-5) 395
Indirectly Answered Questions
SKILL 6: Answer implied detail questions correctly 398
SKILL 7: Answer transition questions correctly 402
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 6-7) 405
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-7) 407
Vocabulary Questions
SKILL 8: Find definitions from structural clues 41 1
SKILL 9: Determine meanings from word parts 415
SKILL 10: Use context to determine meanings of
difficult words 419
SKILL 11: Use context to determine meanings of
simple words 422
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 8-1 1 ) 425
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-1 1 ) 428
Overall Review Questions
SKILL 12: Determine where specific information is found 431
SKILL 13: Determine the tone, purpose, or course 435
SKILL 14: Determine where to insert a piece of information 441
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 12-14) 445
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-14) 448
READING POST-TEST (Paper) 452
READING POST-TEST (Computer) 46;
SECTION FOUR: WRITING
WRITING INTRODUCTION 473
The Writing Score (Paper and Computer) 474
Sample Essays 475
Before Writing 481
SKILL 1: Decode the Topic 481
SKILL 2: Develop Supporting Ideas 484
CONTENTS
While Writing 487
SKILL 3: Write the Introductory Paragraph 487
SKILL 4: Write Unified Supporting Paragraphs 490
SKILL 5: Write the Concluding Paragraph 493
SKILL 6: Connect the Supporting Paragraphs in
the Essay 496
After Writing 499
SKILL 7: Edit Sentence Structure 499
7A Simple Sentence Structure 499
7B Compound Sentence Structure 501
7C Complex Sentence Structure 503
SKILL 8: Edit Written Expression 506
8A Inversions and Agreement 506
8B Parallel, Comparative, and Superlative
Structures 507
8C Verbs 508
8D Nouns and Pronouns 509
8E Adjectives and Adverbs 510
8F Prepositions and Usage 511
COMPLETE TEST (Paper)
Listening Comprehension 515
Structure and Written Expression 521
Reading Comprehension 528
Test of Written English 538
COMPLETE TEST (Computer)
Listening 539
Structure 551
Reading 554
Writing 563
APPENDIXES
APPENDIX A: Similar Sounds 565
APPENDIX B: Two- and Three-Part Verbs 566
APPENDIX C: Idioms 570
APPENDIX D: Prepositions 574
APPENDIX E: Word Endings 576
APPENDIX F: Irregular Verb Forms 582
APPENDIX G: Formation of the Passive 584
APPENDIX H: Irregular Plurals 586
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